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<text id=89TT2463>
<title>
Sep. 18, 1989: The Curse Of Memory
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
Sep. 18, 1989 Torching The Amazon
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
BOOKS, Page 95
The Curse Of Memory
</hdr><body>
<p>By R.Z. Sheppard
</p>
<qt> <l>JERUSALEM: CITY OF MIRRORS</l>
<l>by Amos Elon</l>
<l>Little, Brown; 286 pages; $19.95</l>
</qt>
<p> From the surrounding hills, walled Jerusalem looks like a
peaceful bit of heaven in gilded pinks and grays. Appearance
was never further from reality. "A golden basin filled with
scorpions" is the way an Arab geographer described the town ten
centuries ago. In the 1920s the novelist and polymath Arthur
Koestler found the residents still "poisoned by religion." Some
50 years later, Nobel laureate Saul Bellow paid a visit and
attempted to identify the city's venomous complexity. "Instead
of coming to clarity, one is infected with disorder," Bellow
concluded after his Jerusalem experience.
</p>
<p> The prominent Israeli author and Jerusalem resident Amos
Elon offers reasons why. The most basic: "Moslems ridiculed
Christians for pretending that God could have a son by a mortal
woman. Christians considered it preposterous that the archangels
had dictated the whole truth about God to an illiterate
tribesman from an obscure town in Arabia. Jews scorned both for
their implausible legends, unmindful that it might seem just as
implausible that God had made a special covenant with them only,
leaving the rest of mankind in darkness. Christians believed in
the Eucharist but regarded as absurd the refusal of Moslems and
Jews to eat pork."
</p>
<p> Elon's meditative and richly anecdotal history is concerned
not with who cast the first stone but rather with how great
ideals have been petrified and splintered. The frequently
irrational nature of rationalization is a constant theme. Some
of the most telling scenes are played out between sects of the
same religion: Muslims vs. Muslims, Orthodox Jews against less
observant Jews, and the squabbles among the various followers
of Jesus. In Mea Shearim, the religious Jewish enclave in the
New City, there are ultra-Orthodox and ultra-ultra-Orthodox.
During the 1948 war, one group of Jews even asserted they would
rather live under Muslim rule than under a secular Jewish
government.
</p>
<p> At the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, priests of six
Christian churches -- Greek, Latin, Armenian, Syrian, Coptic and
Ethiopian -- bicker and on occasion have thrown punches over
access to nooks and crannies. Elon's account has aspects of
divine comedy. A disputed ladder stands against a window since
1842. The literary critic Edmund Wilson finds the centuries of
architectural renovations so macabre and claustrophobic that he
rushes outside to a bench, where he reads Dick Tracy in the
International Herald Tribune.
</p>
<p> Of course, one tribe's sacred ground is another tribe's
tourist trap. But as a hometown boy and an intellectual, Elon
is in position to view his city as a potent idea and as a place
of conflict and amusement. He understands fully what Jerusalem
means to Christians, Muslims and Jews, yet he is not so detached
that he suppresses his gut feelings when describing Israel's
taking of the Western Wall during the 1967 war. Still, the
question remains: What are two decades in the story of a city
that, by Elon's estimate, has changed religious rule at least
ten times in the past 1,900 years?
</p>
<p> And it could happen again, in a flick of a scorpion's tail.
Elon sees present danger in the rise of a new fundamentalism in
which religion is the state. Islam contains the seeds of
theocracy; but so do rabbis with Uzis as well as Israelis whom
Elon calls "cowboys of the Apocalypse," Jewish zealots who want
to pull down the Dome of the Rock, near the Muslim Quarter, and
replace it with a "Third Temple."
</p>
<p> Jerusalem, where one can read 4,000 years of trouble in the
stones, is extremism's natural habitat, an unavoidable reminder
of past glories and humiliations. Like others, Elon presents his
city as a paradox where centuries of hatred and violence have
occurred in the name of love and peace. But rather than
punctuating this familiar view with a shrug of resignation, he
offers a bit of fatalistic humor. "Where there is so much
destructive memory," he says, "a little forgetfulness may be in
order." Jerusalem could use a laugh.
</p>
</body></article>
</text>